But there’s one surprising keto side effect that no one’s really talking about yet, and it primarily affects women: hair loss. According to Miller, the reason some people may experience hair loss on a ketogenic diet is two-fold: stress and/or malnourishment. First, keto may be an added stressor that your body just can’t handle right now—unless you make some tweaks to your lifestyle. “While keto can be a powerfully healthy diet, it’s also a stressor on your body,” says Miller. “There are many health-supporting behaviors that are stressors, like intermittent fasting. But if you’re someone who’s type A—over-caffeinating, under-sleeping, intermittent fasting, and doing keto—that’s just too much.” If you’re taking on keto as an added stressor and not modifying your lifestyle in some other way—like making sure you get seven hours of sleep every night or shifting your workouts to be a bit less intense—then keto could tip your body into a chronic fight-or-flight drive, says Miller. And that can throw off a variety of regulatory functions in the body. “That can stress your thyroid, that can impact your adrenals, that can even drive an autoimmune reaction, all of which could contribute to hair loss,” she says. Second, many women may not be eating enough protein (and biotin) when they shift to a keto diet. “If you’re following a classic ketogenic diet, which was developed more for epilepsy and neurological disease management, it’s often too protein-restricted,” says Miller. “What happens, often with women, is that their appetite is regulated and they don’t have organic hunger. So they under-eat—and they under-eat protein pretty dramatically—and the first sign of protein malnourishment is hair loss.” Protein and vitamin deficiency, specifically biotin, a water-soluble B-vitamin, are the two main nutrient deficiencies that cause protein loss in keto diet. Biotin is required for the metabolism of branched-chain amino acids found in proteins and becomes depleted when on a keto diet. To prevent hair loss it is important to eat adequate amounts of both of protein and biotin. Biotin is found in organ meat, eggs, salmon, sunflower seeds, almonds, and sweet potatoes to name a few. As mentioned above, if you already have too many stressors in your life, keto could push you over the edge. So if you’re adamant about trying a keto diet right now, you may have to adapt elsewhere. This could mean prioritizing your sleep, scaling back your HIIT workouts in favor of hiking and yoga, or adopting a meditation practice. You should also avoid taking on too much too soon—meaning, don’t necessarily try keto and intermittent fasting at the same time. If you’re unable to peel away some other stressors in your life to accommodate keto, now might not be the right time to try this diet. Eating more protein, eating more protein, biotin, and staying adequately hydrated is also in your best interest. Of course, the specific amount of protein you want to aim for will vary depending on your body weight, muscle mass, and activity levels, but for most women, Miller recommends consuming between 60 and 90 grams of protein per day (for reference, 10 ounces of meat is around 70 grams of protein). Bottom line: The ketogenic diet, when eaten with a real food approach, can be extremely nourishing and anti-inflammatory, says Miller. But without appropriate planning, it may have some pretty unpleasant side effects.
