In 2023, that’s about to (and is already starting to) change, as the concept and personalized practice of metabolic flexibility and optimization are beginning to evolve and gain momentum. Cells make up tissues, which make up organs, which make up your body. I’m talking about your lungs taking deep breaths, heart pumping over a gallon of blood all through the body, gut digesting food and absorbing an array of nutrients, immune system mounting attacks against invading pathogens, neurons firing rapid signals throughout your nervous system, liver metabolizing and detoxifying countless compounds, muscles and ligaments holding us together and enabling us to move and be active, and so much more. To say metabolism is absolutely fundamental to human biology and a healthful life would be an understatement. There are a couple of ways metabolic rate is described and measured: Many factors can affect your metabolic rate, including genetics, biological sex1, aging2, mitochondrial health, muscle mass3, adiposity, insulin resistance, thyroid hormone health4, nutrition, meal timing, stress, sleep, physical activity, diseases, and more. In addition to the calories you burn at rest, there are two other ways to burn calories: You can expend energy via any form of physical activity (any movement is good movement!) and dissipate energy through a process called thermogenesis, in which heat is produced. Thermogenesis is a fascinating and important process that occurs in the gut (i.e., during the digestion of food), as well as in brown adipose tissue (BAT)5 and skeletal muscle. This metabolic process maintains our core body temperature in cold environments and transforms food calories into heat. Taking a holistic approach, I think of “metabolic health” as the mother ship term encompassing all of the above concepts. Interestingly (and a common misconception), metabolism doesn’t slow down in older age as much as once thought, nor are those changes inevitable! Furthermore, the concept that dysfunction or perturbation in metabolic health are expected or “normal” with aging is false. Cate Shanahan, M.D., medical director of ABC Metabolic Health Center and bestselling author of Deep Nutrition and The FATBURN Fix, explains puts it this way: “Your metabolism isn’t slowing down, it’s breaking down.” We have more “skin” in the metabolic health game than we give ourselves credit for (and that’s empowering). The fact is, it’s critical to nurture and optimize our metabolism and metabolic health throughout life by taking proactive steps to maintain and optimize key organs, biomarkers, and related metrics (more on those below). According to nationally representative data, almost three-quarters (73%), of U.S. adults have a BMI that meets criteria for overweight or obesity6. Additionally, over 11% of the U.S. population suffers from diabetes7, while another one-third of U.S. adults have prediabetes8 (which if not reversed, will often progress to full-blown diabetes). Furthermore, half of American adults have high blood pressure (aka high blood pressure9)—that’s over 100 million people. Lipid dysregulation (i.e., dyslipidemia) runs rampant, too. Nearly 40% of adults have high total cholesterol10. Within this epidemic, socioeconomic inequities are evident, with BIPOC communities affected disproportionately by metabolic health concerns. What’s more, even our youth are suffering from metabolic dysfunction and its many comorbid consequences. Over 20% of children and adolescents ages 6 and older have obesity11, and 7% of children already have high cholesterol12. Even our country’s health care providers are suffering metabolically. Kien Vuu, M.D., and bestselling author of Thrive State: Your Blueprint for Optimal Health, Longevity, and Peak Performance, candidly shares that: “Before I was a doctor specializing in performance medicine and helping clients leverage pivotal wellness strategies like targeted nutrition, I was a doctor personally struggling with excess weight and suffering with cardiometabolic health dysfunction (all before the age of 40).” He goes on to say that he doesn’t regret the journey because he knows firsthand “how crucial metabolic health is for my whole-body health and longevity. And I get to empower and equip people striving for holistic health.” Similarly, nurturing and optimizing metabolic health over a lifetime takes real intention and action. The awesome fact is that metabolism and metabolic health are malleable. Unlike your stature or eye color, you have the ability to affect and even pivot your metabolic destiny (and thus, overall health and longevity). In 2023 and beyond, we’ll take active and personalized steps to improve metabolic flexibility and performance. But first, we’ll need to evolve from BMI and move toward true markers of metabolic health. BMI is insensitive to body composition nuance (e.g., a muscular and highly fit athlete may register in the “overweight” or “obese” categories), gender, and racial uniqueness. As mbg Collective member and the father of functional medicine Jeffrey Bland, Ph.D., previously shared with mbg: “The BMI standard was developed for an idealized Caucasian male, and the thresholds remain rather oblivious to important discrepancies warranted by gender and ethnicity.” Also, weight is an incredibly narrow view of metabolic health. Functional medicine nutritionist Brooke Scheller, DCN, CNS, explains, “Metabolism isn’t just about weight. It actually has more to do with how our body uses the food we eat and converts it to fuel for energy.” “It’s hurtful to reduce personal health to a number that takes no account of your behaviors and the socioeconomic pressures that play major roles in so many people’s lives,” Bland shares. And registered dietitian and intuitive eating counselor Courtney Vickery, M.S., R.D., L.D., astutely points out that “weight can fluctuate for many reasons, such as hormones, water retention, and muscular growth.” Indeed, metabolism and metabolic health are so much more than a number on a scale. After all, it’s almost 2023; thus, it’s time to graduate, evolving from an antiquated and oversimplified view of weight (i.e., energy in, energy out) and related metrics (BMI). As Shanahan explains, “The key to losing weight is recognizing that it’s not a problem of willpower but of metabolic breakdown. You can fix your metabolism.” Keep an eye on these in the name of metabolic health, beyond BMI: I’ll leave you with the thrilling vision for a metabolic future that Deshanie Rai, Ph.D., FACN, vice president of global scientific and regulatory affairs at OmniActive Health Technologies shares: “I am excited about how fast the science of personalized metabolic health is advancing in the pursuit of optimal health goals at the individual level. We are no longer just focusing on phenotypes and genotypes when it comes to metabolism. The field is rapidly evolving to understand their integration with epigenetics, nutrigenetics, and metabolomics (including the microbiome), which collectively can help optimize more personalized nutrition approaches to tackle metabolic imbalances.” Read our full trend list for 2023 here. In addition to her mindbodygreen contributions, Ferira is published in Health, Metagenics Institute, American Family Physician, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, and Osteoporosis International. She has a passion for the translation of evidence-based science into innovative and high-quality products and information that help people lead healthier lives. She is a believer in compassionate, informed, and personalized approaches to nutrition, health care, and wellness. Ashley lives in beautiful Charleston, South Carolina, where she was born and raised. Whether savoring an orchestral performance or delectable meal at a local restaurant, you will find her enjoying Charleston’s cultural and culinary arts with family and friends.
